Crimp tooling for a terminal crimping machine

ABSTRACT

Crimp tooling for crimping a crimp barrel of an electrical terminal to a wire includes an insulation crimper having an insulation crimp profile for crimping an insulation barrel segment of the crimp barrel to insulation of the wire, a wire crimper having a wire crimp profile for crimping a wire barrel segment of the crimp barrel to a conductor of the wire, and a transition crimper between the wire crimper and the insulation crimper. The transition crimper has a blended profile segueing from the wire crimp profile to the insulation crimp profile. The blended profile is used for crimping a transition segment of the crimp barrel between the insulation barrel segment and the wire barrel segment.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The subject matter described and/or illustrated herein relates generallyto crimp tooling for a terminal crimping machine.

Electrical terminals are often used to terminate to the ends of wires.Such electrical terminals typically include an electrical contact and acrimp barrel. The crimp barrel includes an opening that receives an endof the wire therein. The crimp barrel is crimped around the end of thewire to establish an electrical connection between the one or moreconductors of the wire and the terminal as well as to mechanically holdthe electrical terminal on the wire end. When crimped over the wire end,the crimp barrel establishes an electrical connection between theconductor(s) of the wire and the electrical contact.

Conductors of wires are often fabricated from copper. However, as thecost of copper has risen, aluminum has been considered as an alternativeconductor material. However, aluminum is not without disadvantages. Forexample, one disadvantage of using aluminum as a conductor material isan oxide layer that may build on the exterior surface of the conductor.Such an oxide layer has relatively poor electrical conductivity.Accordingly, the oxide layer must be penetrated to the base material toestablish a reliable electrical connection between the conductor and theelectrical terminal.

Another disadvantage of aluminum is electrochemical corrosion. Manyelectrical terminals are used within environments that may expose theterminal and the wire crimped thereto to moisture. For example,electrical terminals are often used within automobiles and othervehicles that operate in salt-aqueous environments. Exposure of aconductor to moisture may cause the conductor to corrode. For example,moisture that infiltrates a crimp interface between a conductor and acrimp barrel may cause the conductor to experience electrochemicalcorrosion, and thereby begin to dissolve. Moreover, the end of manyconductors is exposed at an end of the crimp barrel of the electricalterminal, for example through an opening within the end of the crimpbarrel and/or because the end of the conductor extends past the end ofthe crimp barrel. Such exposed ends of conductors may experiencecorrosion from exposure to moisture within the operating environment ofthe electrical terminal. Corrosion is thus an issue when using aluminumas a conductor material. Moreover, the electrical terminal is optionallyfabricated from copper based alloyed materials. In the electrochemicalseries, copper and aluminum have a large difference in electrochemicalpotential, which indicates a high driving force for a corrosivereaction. Under hostile environments the corrosion rate could be rapid.Corrosion may therefore be especially problematic when terminatingaluminum conductors to copper-based electrical terminals. A knownattempt at prohibiting electrochemical corrosion includes preventing orreducing the exposure of a conductor to moisture. For example, attemptshave been made to seal the wire using the crimp barrel, which extendsthe full length of the exposed conductors and forms a seal at the end ofthe wire. However, crimping such wire barrels is difficult and mayrequire special tooling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, crimp tooling for crimping a crimp barrel of anelectrical terminal to a wire includes an insulation crimper having aninsulation crimp profile for crimping an insulation barrel segment ofthe crimp barrel to insulation of the wire, a wire crimper having a wirecrimp profile for crimping a wire barrel segment of the crimp barrel toa conductor of the wire, and a transition crimper between the wirecrimper and the insulation crimper. The transition crimper has a blendedprofile segueing from the wire crimp profile to the insulation crimpprofile. The blended profile is used for crimping a transition segmentof the crimp barrel between the insulation barrel segment and the wirebarrel segment.

Optionally, the insulation crimp profile, blended profile and wire crimpprofile define a continuous crimping profile for the crimp barrel. Theblended profile has a smooth transition to the insulation crimp profileand has a smooth transition to the wire crimp profile. Optionally, thetransition crimper is formed integral with at least one of theinsulation crimper and the wire crimper.

Optionally, the insulation crimper may include opposed lead-in sectionsfor forming side walls of the insulation barrel segment and may includecrimp radius sections for forming a top of the insulation barrelsegment. The lead-in sections may be separated by a first width and thecrimp radius sections may have a first radius of curvature. Optionally,the wire crimper may include opposed lead-in sections for forming sidewalls of the wire barrel segment and may include crimp radius sectionsfor forming a top of the wire barrel segment. The lead-in sections ofthe wire crimper may be separated by a second width narrower than thefirst width. The crimp radius sections of the wire crimper may have asecond radius of curvature less than the first radius of curvature.

Optionally, the blended profile of the transition crimper may transitionbetween the lead-in sections of the insulation crimper and wire crimperand may transition between the crimp radius sections of the insulationcrimper and wire crimper. The transition crimper may include opposedlead-in sections for forming side walls of the transition segment of thecrimp barrel and may include crimp radius sections for forming a top ofthe transition segment of the crimp barrel. The lead-in sections of thetransition crimper may transition between the lead-in sections of theinsulation crimper and wire crimper. The crimp radius sections of thetransition crimper may transition between the crimp radius sections ofthe insulation crimper and wire crimper. Optionally, a width between thelead-in sections of the transition crimper may constantly change alongthe lead-in sections. Radii of the crimp radius sections of thetransition crimper may change along the crimp radius sections, such asbetween a front and a rear thereof. Optionally, the terminal crimper mayhave a front and a rear. The front may be provided at the wire crimper.The rear may be provided at the insulation crimper. The lead-in sectionsof the transition crimper may widen from the front to the rear. Theradii of the crimp radius sections of the transition crimper mayincrease from the front to the rear.

Optionally, the insulation crimper may form an F-crimp on the insulationbarrel segment. The wire crimper may form an F-crimp on the wire barrelsegment. The transition crimper may form an F-crimp on the transitionsegment of the crimp barrel.

Optionally, the insulation crimper may include a receiving space boundedby the insulation crimp profile that receives the insulation barrelsegment of the crimp barrel. The wire crimper may include a receivingspace bounded by the wire crimp profile that receives the wire barrelsegment of the crimp barrel. The transition crimper may include areceiving space bounded by the blended profile that receives thetransition segment of the crimp barrel. A volume of the receiving spaceof the insulation crimper may be generally constant from a front to arear of the insulation crimper. A volume of the receiving space of thewire crimper may be generally constant from a front to a rear of thewire crimper. A volume of the receiving space of the transition crimpermay generally increases from a front to a rear of the transitioncrimper.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an electricalterminal

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a terminalcrimping machine formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment thatmay be used to crimp the terminal shown in FIG. 1 to a wire.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of crimp tooling for the terminalcrimping machine and formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of an insulation crimper portion of the crimptooling.

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the crimp toolingshowing a wire crimper and a transition crimper for the crimp toolingand formed in accordance with an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a rear view of a portion of the crimp tooling showing the wirecrimper and the transition crimper.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the electrical terminal illustrating theelectrical terminal after a crimp barrel thereof has been crimped aroundthe wire.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an electricalterminal 10. The terminal 10 includes an electrical contact segment 12and a crimp segment 14 that extends from an end 16 of the electricalcontact segment 12. The electrical contact segment 12 includes anelectrical contact 18. In the exemplary embodiment, the electricalcontact 18 is a receptacle that is configured to receive a matingcontact (not shown) therein, however any type of electrical contact maybe used in alternative embodiments, such as, but not limited to, abarrel, a socket, a spring contact, a beam contact, a tab, a structurehaving an opening for receiving a threaded or other type of mechanicalfastener, and/or the like.

The crimp segment 14 includes a crimp barrel 20. The crimp barrel 20includes a base 22 and opposing side walls 24 that extend from the base22. The base 22 and the side walls 24 define an opening 25 of the crimpbarrel 20 that is configured to receive an end 26 of a wire 28. Thecrimp barrel 20 is configured to be crimped around the end 26 of thewire 28 to mechanically and electrically connect the wire 28 to theelectrical terminal 10. The wire 28 includes conductors 30, which may beany type of conductors. Optionally, the conductors 30 are fabricatedfrom (e.g., may include) aluminum. Additionally or alternatively, theconductors 30 may be fabricated from any other electrically conductivematerials, such as, but not limited to, copper and/or the like.Optionally, the wire 28 includes electrical insulation 31 extendingaround the conductors 30 along at least a portion of the length of theconductors 30. The electrical insulation 31 may be a jacket of the wire28.

The crimp barrel 20 extends a length from a contact end 32 to a wire end34. The contact end 32 extends from the electrical contact 18. Moreparticularly, the contact end 32 extends from the end 16 of theelectrical contact segment 12. The wire end 34 is configured to becrimped to the exposed conductors 30 at the end of the wire 28 as wellas to the insulation 31. The crimp barrel 20 includes a front sealsegment 36, a wire barrel segment 38, a transition segment 40, and aninsulation barrel segment 42. The front seal segment 36 provides a sealat the contact end 32 of the crimp barrel 20. The wire barrel segment 38engages the conductors 30 to electrically connect the crimp barrel 20 tothe conductors 30. The insulation barrel segment 42 provides a rear sealto the insulation 31 and provides strength to the connection of thecrimp barrel 20 to the wire 28. A sealant such as, but not limited to, agrease, a lacquer, a gel, a fat, and/or the like, may optionallyprovided within the opening 25 of the crimp barrel 20 before the crimpbarrel 20 is crimped around the wire 28 to provide additional sealingfor the conductors 30. When the conductors 30 are aluminum, the sealingprovided by the crimp barrel 20, such as by the front seal segment 36,the rear seal by the insulation barrel segment 42 and the sealingprovided along the conductors 30 by the wire barrel segment 38 andtransition segment 40, may reduce oxidation and/or corrosion of theconductors 30.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a terminalcrimping machine 100 that may be used to crimp the terminal 10 to thewire 28 (both shown in FIG. 1). The terminal crimping machine 100 may beany type of terminal crimping machine, such as an applicator,terminator, press, lead maker, bench machine, hand tool or other type ofcrimping machine, that includes crimp tooling 102. In the illustratedembodiment, the terminal crimping machine 100 includes a feeder 104 forfeeding the terminals 10 to the crimping zone for crimping to the wire28. In the illustrated embodiment, the feeder 104 is an electricallyactuated feeder 104, however other types of feeders 104, such aspneumatic feeders, cam and linkage feeders, and the like, may be useddepending on the type of terminal crimping machine.

The terminal crimping machine 100 has a terminating zone or crimpingzone 106 that receives the terminal 10 and the wire 28. The feeder 104is positioned to feed the terminals 10 to the crimping zone 106 forcrimping by the crimp tooling 102. During operation, the crimp tooling102 is driven through a crimp stroke by a driving mechanism of theterminal crimping machine 100 toward a stationary anvil 108. The drivingmechanism may be a ram or other mechanical component cyclically driventhrough the crimp stroke. The crimp stroke has both an advancing ordownward component and a return or upward component. The crimp tooling102 is advanced downward toward the anvil 108 to a seated position andis returned upward to a released position.

FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of the crimp tooling 102 positionedwith respect to the anvil 108 with the terminal 10 positioned in thecrimping zone 106. The crimp tooling 102 is configured to be drivenduring a crimping operation toward the crimp barrel 20 to terminate thecrimp barrel 20 to the wire 28 (shown in FIG. 1). The crimp tooling 102includes an insulation crimper 120, a wire crimper 122 and a transitioncrimper 124 between the insulation crimper 120 and the wire crimper 122.

The insulation crimper 120 is used to crimp the insulation barrelsegment 42 of the crimp barrel 20 to the insulation 31 (shown in FIG. 1)of the wire 28. The wire crimper 122 is used to crimp the wire barrelsegment 38 of the crimp barrel 20 to the conductors 30 (shown in FIG. 1)of the wire 28. The transition crimper 124 is used to crimp thetransition segment 40 of the crimp barrel 20. In an exemplaryembodiment, because the conductors 30 have a smaller diameter than theelectrical insulation 31, the wire barrel segment 38 is dimensioneddifferently than the insulation barrel segment 42 to accommodate for theconductors 30 and insulation 31, respectively. The transition segment 40transitions between the wire barrel segment 38 and the insulation barrelsegment 42.

The insulation crimper 120, wire crimper 122 and transition crimper 124are shaped to accommodate the insulation barrel segment 42, wire barrelsegment 38 and transition segment 40, respectively. In an exemplaryembodiment, the transitions crimper 124 segues from the wire crimper 122to the insulation crimper 120. The transition crimper 124 may define asmooth transition between the wire crimper 122 and the insulationcrimper 120. The insulation crimper 120, wire crimper 122 and transitioncrimper 124 are continuous or closed along the entire length of thecrimp (e.g. along the insulation barrel segment 42, wire barrel segment38 and transition segment 40).

In an exemplary embodiment, the crimped tooling 102 comprises multiplepieces that are coupled or fasten together. For example, in theillustrated embodiment, the wire crimper 122 and transition crimper 124are integrally formed together as a common piece. The insulation crimper120 is a separate piece coupled to the wire crimper 122 and transitioncrimper 124. Alternatively, the transition crimper 124 may be integrallyformed with the insulation crimper 120 as opposed to the wire crimper122. In other alternative embodiments, the transition crimper 124 may bea separate piece from the insulation crimper 120 and wire crimper 122.

The insulation crimper 120 extends between a front 130 and a rear 132.The wire crimper 122 extends between a front 134 and a rear 136. Thetransition crimper 124 extends between a front 138 and a rear 140. Thewire crimper 122 is positioned forward of the transition crimper 124 andinsulation crimper 120. The front 138 of the transition crimper 124 isprovided at the rear 136 of the wire crimper 122. The rear 140 of thetransition crimper 124 is provided at the front 130 of the insulationcrimper 120. The insulation crimper 120 may be tightly held against thetransition crimper 124 such that the front 130 abuts against the rear140 of the transition crimper 124. In an exemplary embodiment, the wirecrimper 122 includes a bell mouth 142 at the front 134. The bell mouth142 transitions outward as a lead in to the wire crimper 122.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the insulation crimper 120. The insulationcrimper 120 has an insulation crimp profile 150 for crimping theinsulation barrel segment 42 of the crimp barrel 20 (both shown inFIG. 1) to the insulation 31 of the wire 28 (both shown in FIG. 1). Theinsulation crimp profile 150 is defined by internal surfaces formed inthe insulation crimper 120. The internal surfaces may be formed by anelectric discharge machining (EDM) or a wire EDM process. The internalsurfaces may be formed by other removal processes, such as milling orgrinding or by 3D printing or forging of the insulation crimper 120.

The surfaces define a receiving space 152 bounded by the insulationcrimp profile 150 that receives the insulation barrel segment 42 of thecrimp barrel 20. The side walls 24 (shown in FIG. 1) of the insulationbarrel segment 42 are formed against the insulation crimp profile 150during the crimping process. The side walls 24 may be folded over duringthe crimping process. The insulation crimp profile 150 may be shaped toform an open barrel crimp, such as an F-crimp, along the insulationbarrel segment 42. Optionally, a volume of the receiving space 152 mayhave a generally constant cross section from the front 130 to the rear132 (shown in FIG. 3) of the insulation crimper 120.

The insulation crimper 120 includes opposed lead-in sections 154, 156for forming the side walls 24 of the insulation barrel segment 42. Thelead-in sections 154 are separated by a width 158, which may vary alongthe insulation crimp profile 150. For example, the width 158 may benarrower near a top of the lead-in sections 154, 156 and may be widernear a bottom of the lead-in sections 154, 156. Optionally, the width158 may vary from the front 130 to the rear 132.

The insulation crimper 120 includes crimp radius sections 160, 162 thatare used for forming a top of the insulation barrel segment 42. Thecrimp radius sections 160, 162 are generally curved, while the lead-insections 154, 156 are generally flat (however may have a curvature, butless curvature than the crimp radius sections 160,1 62). The crimpradius section 160 transitions into the lead-in section 154. The crimpradius section 162 transitions into the lead-in section 156. In theillustrated embodiment, the crimp radius sections 160, 162 meet at a tip164. The crimp radius sections 160, 162 are shaped to fold the sidewalls 24 inward into the insulation 31 during the crimping process. Thecrimp radius sections 160, 162 each have a corresponding radius ofcurvature 166, 168.

The radius of curvature 166 of the crimp radius section 160 may beconstant from the lead-in section 154 to the tip 164, or alternativelymay vary from the lead-in section 154 to the tip 164. For example, theradius of curvature 166 may be smaller near the top and larger near thelead-in section 154 and/or the tip 164. Optionally, the radius ofcurvature 166 of the crimp radius section 160 may vary from the front130 to the rear 132 of the insulation crimper 120.

The radius of curvature 168 of the crimp radius section 162 may beconstant from the lead-in section 156 to the tip 164, or alternativelymay vary from the lead-in section 156 to the tip 164. For example, theradius of curvature 168 may be smaller near the top and larger near thelead-in section 156 and/or the tip 164. Optionally, the radius ofcurvature 168 of the crimp radius section 162 may vary from the front130 to the rear 132 of the insulation crimper 120.

FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the crimp tooling 102showing the wire crimper 122 and transition crimper 124. FIG. 6 is arear view of a portion of the crimp tooling 102 showing the wire crimper122 and the transition crimper 124. In the illustrated embodiment, thewire crimper 122 and the transition crimper 124 are integrally formed asa one piece body. The transition crimper 124 transitions into the wirecrimper 122.

The wire crimper 122 has a wire crimp profile 170 for crimping the wirebarrel segment 38 of the crimp barrel 20 (both shown in FIG. 1) to theconductors 30 of the wire 28 (both shown in FIG. 1). The wire crimpprofile 170 is defined by internal surfaces formed in the wire crimper122. The internal surfaces may be formed by an EDM or a wire EDMprocess. The internal surfaces may be formed by other removal processes,such as milling or grinding or by 3D printing or forging of the wirecrimper 122.

The surfaces define a receiving space 172 bounded by the wire crimpprofile 170 that receives the wire barrel segment 38 of the crimp barrel20. The side walls 24 (shown in FIG. 1) of the wire barrel segment 38are formed against the wire crimp profile 170 during the crimpingprocess. The side walls 24 may be folded over during the crimpingprocess. The wire crimp profile 170 may be shaped to form an F-crimpalong the wire barrel segment 38. Optionally, a volume of the receivingspace 172 may have a generally constant cross section from the front 134to the rear 136 of the wire crimper 122.

The wire crimper 122 includes opposed lead-in sections 174, 176 forforming the side walls 24 of the wire barrel segment 38. The lead-insections 174 are separated by a width 178, which may vary along the wirecrimp profile 170. For example, the width 178 may be narrower near a topof the lead-in sections 174, 176 and may be wider near a bottom of thelead-in sections 174, 176. Optionally, the width 178 may vary from thefront 134 to the rear 136. The second width 178 may be narrower than thefirst width 158 (shown in FIG. 4) of the insulation crimper 120 (shownin FIG. 4).

The wire crimper 122 includes crimp radius sections 180, 182 that areused for forming a top of the wire barrel segment 38. The crimp radiussection 180 transitions into the lead-in section 174. The crimp radiussection 182 transitions into the lead-in section 176. In the illustratedembodiment, the crimp radius sections 180, 182 meet at a tip 184. Thecrimp radius sections 180, 182 are shaped to fold the side walls 24inward into the conductors 30 during the crimping process. The crimpradius sections 180, 182 each have a corresponding radius of curvature186, 188.

The radius of curvature 186 of the crimp radius section 180 may beconstant from the lead-in section 174 to the tip 184, or alternativelymay vary from the lead-in section 174 to the tip 184. For example, theradius of curvature 186 may be smaller near the top and larger near thelead-in section 174 and/or the tip 184. Optionally, the radius ofcurvature 186 of the crimp radius section 180 may vary from the front134 to the rear 136 of the wire crimper 122.

The radius of curvature 188 of the crimp radius section 182 may beconstant from the lead-in section 176 to the tip 184, or alternativelymay vary from the lead-in section 176 to the tip 184. For example, theradius of curvature 188 may be smaller near the top and larger near thelead-in section 176 and/or the tip 184. Optionally, the radius ofcurvature 188 of the crimp radius section 182 may vary from the front134 to the rear 136 of the wire crimper 122.

The transition crimper 124 is axially offset rearward of the wirecrimper 122 along a longitudinal axis 190. The insulation crimper 120 isconfigured to be coupled to the transition crimper 124 such that theinsulation crimper 120 is axially offset rearward of the transitioncrimper 124 along the longitudinal axis 190.

The transition crimper 124 has a blended profile 200 for crimping thetransition segment 40 of the crimp barrel 20 (both shown in FIG. 1) tothe wire 28 (shown in FIG. 1). The blended profile 200 segues into thewire crimp profile 170 and transitions into the insulation crimp profile150 (shown in FIG. 4). The blended profile 200 is defined by internalsurfaces formed in the transition crimper 124. The internal surfaces maybe formed by an EDM or a wire EDM process. The internal surfaces may beformed by other removal processes, such as milling or grinding or by 3Dprinting or forging of the transition crimper 124. The internal surfacessegue into the internal surfaces of the wire crimper 122 to define asmooth transition between the blended profile 200 and the wire crimpprofile 170.

The surfaces define a receiving space 202 bounded by the blended profile200 that receives the transition segment 40 of the crimp barrel 20. Thereceiving space 202 is open to the receiving space 172 of the wirecrimper 122. The side walls 24 of the transition segment 40 are formedagainst the blended profile 200 during the crimping process. The sidewalls 24 may be folded over during the crimping process. The blendedprofile 200 may be shaped to form an F-crimp along the transitionsegment 40. Optionally, a volume of the receiving space 202 maygenerally increase from the front 138 to the rear 140 of the transitioncrimper 124.

The transition crimper 124 includes opposed lead-in sections 204, 206for forming the side walls 24 of the transition segment 40. The lead-insections 204 are separated by a width 208 that varies along the blendedprofile 200. For example, the width 208 is narrower near a top of thelead-in sections 204, 206 and is wider near a bottom of the lead-insections 204, 206. The width 208 also varies from the front 138 to therear 140 to transition from the lead-in sections 174, 176 of the wirecrimper 122 to the lead-in sections 154, 156 (both shown in FIG. 4) ofthe insulation crimper 120. Because the width 158 (shown in FIG. 4) ofthe insulation crimper 120 is wider than the width 178 of the wirecrimper 122 to accommodate the larger diameter insulation 31 as comparedto the smaller diameter conductors 30, the width 208 of the transitioncrimper 124 varies from the front 138 to the rear 140. The transitioncrimper 124 defines a smooth continuous transition from the lead-insection 174 to the lead-in section 154 and from the lead-in section 176to the lead-in section 156.

The transition crimper 124 includes crimp radius sections 210, 212 thatare used for forming a top of the transition segment 40. The crimpradius section 210 transitions into the lead-in section 204. The crimpradius section 212 transitions into the lead-in section 206. In theillustrated embodiment, the crimp radius sections 210, 212 meet at a tip214. The crimp radius sections 210, 212 are shaped to fold the sidewalls 24 inward into the wire 28 during the crimping process. The crimpradius sections 210, 212 each have a corresponding radius of curvature216, 218.

The radius of curvature 216 of the crimp radius section 210 may beconstant from the lead-in section 204 to the tip 214 at any givencross-section taken along the longitudinal axis 190. Alternatively, theradius of curvature 216 of the crimp radius section 210 may vary fromthe lead-in section 204 to the tip 214 at any given cross-section takenalong the longitudinal axis 190. For example, the radius of curvature216 may be smaller near the top and larger near the lead-in section 204and/or the tip 214.

In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature 216 of the crimpradius section 210 varies from the front 138 to the rear 140 of thetransition crimper 124 to transition from the crimp radius section 180of the wire crimper 122 to the crimp radius section 160 (shown in FIG.4) of the insulation crimper 120. Because the radius of curvature 166(shown in FIG. 4) of the insulation crimper 120 is greater than theradius of curvature 186 of the wire crimper 122 to accommodate thelarger diameter insulation 31 as compared to the smaller diameterconductors 30, the radius of curvature 216 of the transition crimper 124varies from the front 138 to the rear 140. The transition crimper 124defines a smooth continuous transition from the crimp radius section 160to the crimp radius section 180.

The radius of curvature 218 of the crimp radius section 212 may beconstant from the lead-in section 206 to the tip 214 at any givencross-section taken along the longitudinal axis 190. Alternatively, theradius of curvature 218 of the crimp radius section 212 may vary fromthe lead-in section 206 to the tip 214 at any given cross-section takenalong the longitudinal axis 190. For example, the radius of curvature218 may be smaller near the top and larger near the lead-in section 206and/or the tip 214.

In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature 218 of the crimpradius section 212 varies from the front 138 to the rear 140 of thetransition crimper 124 to transition from the crimp radius section 182of the wire crimper 122 to the crimp radius section 162 (shown in FIG.4) of the insulation crimper 120. Because the radius of curvature 168(shown in FIG. 4) of the insulation crimper 120 is greater than theradius of curvature 188 of the wire crimper 122 to accommodate thelarger diameter insulation 31 as compared to the smaller diameterconductors 30, the radius of curvature 218 of the transition crimper 124varies from the front 138 to the rear 140. The transition crimper 124defines a smooth continuous transition from the crimp radius section 162to the crimp radius section 182.

Returning to FIG. 3, the arrangement of the insulation crimper 120, wirecrimper 122 and transition crimper 124 are illustrated. FIG. 3 shows howthe insulation crimp profile 150, blended profile 200 and wire crimpprofile 170 define a continuous crimping profile for the crimp barrel20. The blended profile 200 has a smooth transition to the insulationcrimp profile 150 axially along the longitudinal axis 190 and has asmooth transition to the wire crimp profile 170 axially along thelongitudinal axis 190. Optionally, the blended profile 200 of thetransition crimper 124 transitions between the lead-in sections 156, 176of the insulation crimper 120 and wire crimper 122 and transitionsbetween the crimp radius sections 162, 182 of the insulation crimper 120and wire crimper 122. For example, the lead-in section 204 of thetransition crimper 124 transition between the lead-in sections 156, 176of the insulation crimper 120 and wire crimper 122 and the crimp radiussection 212 of the transition crimper 124 transition between the crimpradius sections 162, 182 of the insulation crimper 120 and wire crimper122.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the electrical terminal 10 illustratingthe electrical terminal 10 after the crimp barrel 20 has been crimpedaround the wire 28. As can be seen in FIG. 7, the side walls 24 havebeen crimped over the wire 28 such that the side walls 24 are foldedover. The crimp barrel 20 is crimped along segments 36, 38, 40, and 42such that, when crimped, a seal is formed along the length of the crimpbarrel 20. The crimp barrel 20 is continuous from the contact end 32 tothe wire end 34. The transition segment 40 transitions between theinsulation barrel segment 42 and the wire barrel segment 38, even thoughsuch segments 42, 38 have different diameters. The transition segment 40forms a smooth, continuous crimp barrel 20 that completely encloses theend of the wire 28.

Optionally, no portion of the conductor(s) 30 (shown in FIG. 1) extendspast the contact end 32 of the crimp barrel 20 after the crimp barrel 20has been crimped around the wire 28. The sealing provided by sealingwings 56 at the front seal segment 36 and/or sealant facilitatespreventing moisture from contacting the conductor(s) 30 as compared toterminals wherein a conductor end sticks out past the contact end of acrimp barrel and/or terminals wherein a conductor is exposed through anopening within the contact end of a crimp barrel. Such an arrangementworks well with aluminum conductors 30, as corrosion and oxidation isreduced or eliminated by the sealing arrangement of the crimp barrel 20,without the need for additional seals or ferrules that extend around theentire crimp barrel 20 and wire end. When the crimp barrel 20 has beencrimped around the wire 28, the side walls 24 and the base 22 of thecrimp barrel 20 define a continuous enclosure that extends entirelyaround the circumference of the wire 28 from the electrical insulation31 past the end of the conductors 30. In other words, the side walls 24and the base 22 of the crimp barrel 20 define a continuous enclosurethat extends entirely around the circumference of the wire 28 from thecontact end 32 to the wire end 34 of the crimp barrel 20.

The embodiments described and/or illustrated herein provide anelectrical terminal that may be less likely to experienceelectrochemical corrosion on one or more conductors of a wire terminatedby the electrical terminal, on interior surfaces of the electricalterminal, at an interface between the conductor(s) of the wire and theinterior surfaces of the electrical terminal, and/or the like. Theembodiments described herein provide crimp tooling for forming a crimpbarrel of such an electrical terminal onto a wire.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to beillustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-describedembodiments (and/or aspects thereof) may be used in combination witheach other. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt aparticular situation or material to the teachings of the inventionwithout departing from its scope. Dimensions, types of materials,orientations of the various components, and the number and positions ofthe various components described herein are intended to defineparameters of certain embodiments, and are by no means limiting and aremerely exemplary embodiments. Many other embodiments and modificationswithin the spirit and scope of the claims will be apparent to those ofskill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of theinvention should, therefore, be determined with reference to theappended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which suchclaims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and“in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respectiveterms “comprising” and “wherein.” Moreover, in the following claims, theterms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc. are used merely as labels,and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.Further, the limitations of the following claims are not written inmeans—plus-function format and are not intended to be interpreted basedon 35 U.S.C. §112, sixth paragraph, unless and until such claimlimitations expressly use the phrase “means for” followed by a statementof function void of further structure.

What is claimed is:
 1. Crimp tooling for crimping a crimp barrel of anelectrical terminal to a wire, the crimp tooling comprising: aninsulation crimper having an insulation crimp profile for crimping aninsulation barrel segment of the crimp barrel to insulation of the wire;a wire crimper having a wire crimp profile for crimping a wire barrelsegment of the crimp barrel to a conductor of the wire; and a transitioncrimper between the wire crimper and the insulation crimper, thetransition crimper having a blended profile segueing from the wire crimpprofile to the insulation crimp profile, the blended profile forcrimping a transition segment of the crimp barrel between the insulationbarrel segment and the wire barrel segment.
 2. The crimp tooling ofclaim 1, wherein the insulation crimp profile, blended profile and wirecrimp profile define a continuous crimping profile for the crimp barrel.3. The crimp tooling of claim 1, wherein the blended profile has asmooth transition to the insulation crimp profile and has a smoothtransition to the wire crimp profile.
 4. The crimp tooling of claim 1,wherein the transition crimper is formed integral with at least one ofthe insulation crimper and the wire crimper.
 5. The crimp tooling ofclaim 1, wherein the insulation crimper includes opposed lead-insections for forming side walls of the insulation barrel segment andincludes crimp radius sections for forming a top of the insulationbarrel segment, the lead-in sections being separated by a first width,the crimp radius sections having a first radius of curvature, the wirecrimper includes opposed lead-in sections for forming side walls of thewire barrel segment and includes crimp radius sections for forming a topof the wire barrel segment, the lead-in sections of the wire crimperbeing separated by a second width narrower than the first width, thecrimp radius sections of the wire crimper having a second radius ofcurvature less than the first radius of curvature, the blended profileof the transition crimper transitions between the lead-in sections ofthe insulation crimper and wire crimper and transitions between thecrimp radius sections of the insulation crimper and wire crimper.
 6. Thecrimp tooling of claim 5, wherein the transition crimper includesopposed lead-in sections for forming side walls of the transitionsegment of the crimp barrel and includes crimp radius sections forforming a top of the transition segment of the crimp barrel, the lead-insections of the transition crimper transitioning between the lead-insections of the insulation crimper and the corresponding lead-insections of the wire crimper, the crimp radius sections of thetransition crimper transitioning between the crimp radius sections ofthe insulation crimper and the corresponding crimp radius sections ofthe wire crimper.
 7. The crimp tooling of claim 6, wherein a widthbetween the lead-in sections of the transition crimper constantlychanges along the lead-in sections and wherein the radius of curvatureof the crimp radius sections of the transition crimper constantly changealong the crimp radius sections.
 8. The crimp tooling of claim 6,wherein the transition crimper has a front and a rear, the frontprovided at the wire crimper, the rear provided at the insulationcrimper, the lead-in sections of the transition crimper widening fromthe front to the rear, the radii of the crimp radius sections of thetransition crimper increasing from the front to the rear.
 9. The crimptooling of claim 1, wherein the insulation crimper forms an F-crimp onthe insulation barrel segment, the wire crimper forms an F-crimp on thewire barrel segment, and the transition crimper forms an F-crimp on thetransition segment of the crimp barrel.
 10. The crimp tooling of claim1, wherein the insulation crimper comprises a receiving space bounded bythe insulation crimp profile that receives the insulation barrel segmentof the crimp barrel, wherein the wire crimper comprises a receivingspace bounded by the wire crimp profile that receives the wire barrelsegment of the crimp barrel, and wherein the transition crimpercomprises a receiving space bounded by the blended profile that receivesthe transition segment of the crimp barrel.
 11. The crimp tooling ofclaim 10, wherein a volume of the receiving space of the insulationcrimper is generally constant from a front to a rear of the insulationcrimper, wherein a volume of the receiving space of the wire crimper hasa generally constant cross section from a front to a rear of the wirecrimper, and wherein a volume of the receiving space of the transitioncrimper generally increases in cross section from a front to a rear ofthe transition crimper.
 12. A terminal crimping machine for crimping acrimp barrel of an electrical terminal to a wire, the terminal crimpingmachine comprising: crimp tooling configured to be driven during acrimping operation toward the crimp barrel to terminate the crimp barrelto the wire, the crimp tooling comprising: an insulation crimper havingan insulation crimp profile for crimping an insulation barrel segment ofthe crimp barrel to insulation of the wire, the insulation crimperincludes opposed lead-in sections for forming side walls of theinsulation barrel segment and includes crimp radius sections for forminga top of the insulation barrel segment, the lead-in sections beingseparated by a first width, the crimp radius sections having a firstradius of curvature; a wire crimper having a wire crimp profile forcrimping a wire barrel segment of the crimp barrel to a conductor of thewire, the wire crimper includes opposed lead-in sections for formingside walls of the wire barrel segment and includes crimp radius sectionsfor forming a top of the wire barrel segment, the lead-in sections ofthe wire crimper being separated by a second width narrower than thefirst width, the crimp radius sections of the wire crimper having asecond radius of curvature less than the first radius of curvature; anda transition crimper between the wire crimper and the insulationcrimper, the transition crimper having a blended profile, the blendedprofile of the transition crimper transitions between the lead-insections of the insulation crimper and wire crimper and transitionsbetween the crimp radius sections of the insulation crimper and wirecrimper the blended profile for crimping a transition segment of thecrimp barrel between the insulation barrel segment and the wire barrelsegment.
 13. The terminal crimping machine of claim 12, whereininsulation crimp profile, blended profile and wire crimp profile definea continuous crimping profile for the crimp barrel.
 14. The terminalcrimping machine of claim 12, wherein the blended profile has a smoothtransition to the insulation crimp profile and has a smooth transitionto the wire crimp profile.
 15. The terminal crimping machine of claim12, wherein the transition crimper includes opposed lead-in sections forforming side walls of the transition segment of the crimp barrel andincludes crimp radius sections for forming a top of the transitionsegment of the crimp barrel, the lead-in sections of the transitioncrimper transitioning between the lead-in sections of the insulationcrimper and wire crimper, the crimp radius sections of the transitioncrimper transitioning between the crimp radius sections of theinsulation crimper and wire crimper.
 16. The terminal crimping machineof claim 12, wherein a width between the lead-in sections of thetransition crimper constantly changes along the lead-in sections andwherein radii of the crimp radius sections of the transition crimperconstantly change along the crimp radius sections.
 17. The terminalcrimping machine of claim 12, wherein the transition crimper has a frontand a rear, the front provided at the wire crimper, the rear provided atthe insulation crimper, the lead-in sections of the transition crimperwidening from the front to the rear, the radii of the crimp radiussections of the transition crimper increasing from the front to therear.
 18. A terminal crimping machine for crimping a crimp barrel of anelectrical terminal to a wire, the terminal crimping machine comprising:crimp tooling configured to be driven during a crimping operation towardthe crimp barrel to terminate the crimp barrel to the wire, the crimptooling comprising: an insulation crimper having an insulation crimpprofile for crimping an insulation barrel segment of the crimp barrel toinsulation of the wire, the insulation crimper having a receiving spacebounded by the insulation crimp profile that receives the insulationbarrel segment of the crimp barrel; a wire crimper having a wire crimpprofile for crimping a wire barrel segment of the crimp barrel to aconductor of the wire, the wire crimper having a receiving space boundedby the wire crimp profile that receives the wire barrel segment of thecrimp barrel; and a transition crimper between the wire crimper and theinsulation crimper, the transition crimper having a receiving spacebounded by the blended profile that receives the transition segment ofthe crimp barrel, the transition crimper having a blended profilesegueing from the wire crimp profile to the insulation crimp profile,the blended profile for crimping a transition segment of the crimpbarrel between the insulation barrel segment and the wire barrelsegment.
 19. The terminal crimping machine of claim 18, wherein theblended profile has a smooth transition to the insulation crimp profileand has a smooth transition to the wire crimp profile.
 20. The terminalcrimping machine of claim 18, wherein a volume of the receiving space ofthe insulation crimper is generally constant from a front to a rear ofthe insulation crimper, wherein a volume of the receiving space of thewire crimper is generally constant from a front to a rear of the wirecrimper, and wherein a volume of the receiving space of the transitioncrimper generally increases from a front to a rear of the transitioncrimper.